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Niclosamide
Niclocide
Small molecule
Niclosamide (NCL) is an anthelmintic medication used for the treatment of human tapeworm (Cestoda) infection. Recent drug repurposing studies have shown that NCL possesses high levels of in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2 as it impedes viral entry through an endocytic pH augmentation mechanism. NCL is highly insoluble in water (0.23-1.6 μg/mL at room temperature) which contributes to its poor bioavailability. Pharmacokinetic modelling has also indicated that oral dosing would not generate sufficient concentrations of circulating NCL to induce anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. Therefore, recent attempts have been made to formulate long-acting aqueous solutions of NCL capable of providing high levels of systemic exposure.
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Intramuscular
Aqueous drug particle suspension
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Bayer AG is a multinational pharmaceutical company that develops a wide range of chemical products and medicines for consumer healthcare, industrial biotechnology and agricultural purposes. Headquartered in Leverkusen, Bayer was originally founded in 1863 and is currently listed on the EURO STOXX 50 index.
Formulations for long-acting NCL are currently in preclinical development. Researchers from the Centre of Excellence for Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT) at the University of Liverpool have recently developed a highly innovative redispersible solid drug nanoparticle (SDN) formulation that utilises nanoprecipitation methods similar to those already utilised in commercial-scale production of beta-carotene particles for foodstuffs and agriculture. Successful industrial scale-up of the spray-dried dispersion may require potential optimisation of the mixing process using high shear mixer geometries.
Detailed information regarding industrial manufacturing requirements and/or equipment lists is currently not available as long-acting niclosamide formulations have been only been produced at small-scale for research use.
The previously mentioned formulation developed by researchers from CELT at the University of Liverpool can be stored as a solid dry powder and reconstituted into an aqueous solution through the addition of water prior to administration.
Dynamic light scattering equipment (Malvern Panalytical ZetaSizer Ultra Photon Correlation Spectroscope) to characterise the dry powder formulation. 1H nuclear magnetic spectroscopy to determine drug loading at 60 wt% relative to excipients using BzMA internal standard.
No proprietary excipient used
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No residual solvent used
No delivery device
Gastropod combating compositions
Gastropod combating compositions
GB824345
compound
Bayer AG
Not provided
September 19, 1976
Expired
Hobson JJ , Savage AC , Dwyer AB , Unsworth C , Massam J , Arshad U , Pertinez H , Box H , Tatham L , Rajoli RKR , Neary M , Sharp J , Valentijn A , David C , Curley P , Liptrott NJ , McDonald TO , Owen A , Rannard SP . Scalable nanoprecipitation of niclosamide and in vivo demonstration of long-acting delivery after intramuscular injection. Nanoscale. 2021 Apr 7;13(13):6410-6416. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d1nr00309g. Epub 2021 Mar 25. PMID: 33885522.
The control of COVID-19 across the world requires the formation of a range of interventions including vaccines to elicit an immune response and immunomodulatory or antiviral therapeutics. Here, we demonstrate the nanoparticle formulation of a highly insoluble drug compound, niclosamide, with known anti SARS-CoV-2 activity as a cheap and scalable long-acting injectable antiviral candidate.
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Provide necessary technical information to a potential partner, under confidentiality agreement, to enable preliminary assessment of whether specific medicines of public health importance in LMICs might be compatible with the referred to long-acting technology to achieve a public health benefit
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